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[color=#DC143C]本贴文章来自网易.红 作者:烟火0 M* N& i: f9 g1 j
[color=#DC143C]一直以来<夜半歌声>这四个词是人们心中"恐怖"的代名词,随着<剧院魅影>在上海大剧院的上演,二者之间的渊源被翻出,比较也油然而生 z' o3 \# t3 h& f, k4 b
# V9 L( U6 R; e* o$ `& s" R“Fandome de 1’Opera,” (法文:歌剧魅影) 曾多次被改编为电影,最轰动的便是2005年的最新版本。在1937的中国,恐怖大师马徐维邦曾改编此书拍摄「夜半歌声」。1994年,香港于仁泰根据「夜半歌声」重拍了「新夜半歌声」。”魅影” 这样西方式的奇情异想人物居然也有来自中国的异族兄弟,真是一件有趣的事情。但中国“魅影”却和西方“魅影”大异其趣!西方“魅影” 虽然因为自己容貌缺陷而躲在歌剧院的暗处,但他有极强的侵略性,妄想控制整个歌剧院,包括控制他的爱人。他可以为爱不惜付出任何代价,甚至伤害他人的身体,最后的悲剧是他自己造成的,他自己选择了命运。中国“魅影”则完全受到命运的摆布,他的本性是善良的,因为得罪权贵而导致剧院被烧、失去容貌,也失去整个表演事业。他选择躲在歌剧院暗处独自黯然神伤,不敢面对自己的爱人,还要别人假扮自己去安慰爱人。他对自己周遭的一切失去了信心,也失去了再爱的勇气。
9 q+ D% X+ L8 e8 ]; ~1 o2 @4 m; `「歌剧魅影」 # J) P, b9 {/ L Q+ Q7 ?4 [
上个月我去台北西门酊看了电影版的「歌剧魅影」,最大的收获是终于看懂了原剧中许多配角之间的对话,也把故事的细节弄得更清楚。此片导演为乔舒马克 (Joel Schumacher) ,安德鲁洛伊韦伯 (Andrew Lloyd Webber) 担任制片和编剧。主要演员为贾里德巴特勒 (Gerard Butler)、艾美萝森 (Emmy Rossum) 与派屈克威尔森 (Patrick Wilson)。
z. |8 ]0 x: A8 s: ~% k: z我于1995年在纽约百老汇和2000年在伦敦一共看了两次现场版的「歌剧魅影」音乐剧。两次看「歌剧魅影」都不是在旅游前的计划中,可以说和此剧非常有缘。1993年时,曾在朋友的介绍下听了「歌剧魅影」的加拿大版的原声带,当时就很喜欢里面的音乐,并一再反复聆听。1995年时和妈妈到纽约玩,在繁忙的街头四处乱逛,信步经过Broadway时,看到了「歌剧魅影」的广告看版,我提议,既然来到纽约,不如看场秀吧!「歌剧魅影」又这么有名,妈妈欣然同意,于是我们就买了下一场的票进去。 印象中百老汇的歌剧院一点也不华丽,比电影院好一些,感觉很平民化。我们买了很前面的票,记得当年约是60-70元美金左右一张,舞台近在咫尺。不过当时年纪轻,第一次现场看戏剧演出,又受限于英文听力,实在是似懂非懂。当然可以理解这是个二男争一女的故事,也依稀能够感受到男女主角之间的爱恨情愁。不过印象最深刻的就是,我被 “魅影” 那哀怨、凄凉的歌声震摄住了!,虽然无法认同他对爱情的态度和做法,但仍对他充满同情与怜悯。尽管CD已听了N遍,还是不能跟现场演唱相比,“魅影” 的歌声在我耳边三日绕梁不绝,演员的歌唱功力可见一般。当年我没买场刊,节目表早弄丢了,也从没研究、分析过那个剧团或卡司的版本较好,所以我实在不知道现场看的版本与伦敦原版相比孰优孰劣。不过第一次看「歌剧魅影」是真的很感动、很令人难忘。
0 _5 j* ~% t% w( v两年后,「歌剧魅影」至我当时求学的俄亥俄州‧哥伦布市巡回演出,我没去看。但刚好人文艺术课的教授要我们写一篇看现场表演 Live Performance或参观美术馆 (博物馆) 的心得报告,我就为此剧写了篇观赏心得,各位若不嫌弃可以随便看看。 + {- ~1 i* N; n
Grace Chou 7 f/ F% Z2 ]% z* Q
Culture Art Paper + o- M9 s+ B K. _2 O9 M& O" O# `
Live Performance
3 C' Z% ]5 W# i; j$ RDr. Dann
9 y) d% K! Z8 L ~July 25 1997
- i4 Z. {8 r7 S( a' U# M' vI watched the Broadway musical, “The Phantom of the Opera” in New York two years ago. This musical was adapted by Andrew Lloyd Webber in 1982 from the original novel, Fantome de 1’Opera I was very curious about this famous musical before I saw it because I had listened to its soundtrack recording for many times. “The Phantom of the Opera” comes to Columbus once every two years. However, people can see it every day in Broadway, New York. 1 c* U# F9 N4 `( x$ n9 O
In the opening of the musical, the stage looked dark. A man was talking in the background. Its was the prologue, “The stage of the Paris Opera House, 1911”The speaking was an auctioneer. He said, “Lot 666, then; a chandelier in pieces. Some of you may recall the strange affair of the Phantom of the Opera: a mystery never fully explained…Perhaps we may frighten away the ghost of so many years ago with a little illumination, gentleman?” The auctioneer was speaking on stage of the Paris Opera House in 1911. He introduced new electrical wiring for the chandelier and reminded people of the unusual chandelier fell on people many years age in the Paris Opera House. Rumors claimed the Phantom pushed the chandelier down to the stage.
- z) a7 p l4 s+ k; D2 X# zAfter the prologue, the overture began. The prologue sounded mysterious. After I read the Chinese edition of “Fandome de 1’Opera,” I found out that the falling chandelier was a real incident in the history. It was an accident in the Paris Opera House in 1896. This novel was inspired by the accident. The opening was powerful and seductive. It received the entire audience’s attention. 8 V: }' i" O9 i8 [1 [
The show developed depicting a love triangle between Eric, Christine the opera singer, and Raoul. Eric was a very ugly man and always put a mask to cover half of his face. He lived underground beneath the opera house. He roamed in the opera house and disappeared right after others saw him. Some of the people in the Opera House never saw him, they just heard his voice. He often disturbed and even murdered people in the Opera House. To most people in the opera house, he was a ghost. They called him “The Phantom of the Opera.” He could hide himself without people seeing him by operating the entire opera house. He was deeply in love with the opera singer Christine. He taught her how to improve her singing and he claimed he was “The Angel of Music.” He took her to where he lived, under the opera house. Christine, however, was in love with Raoul, but always being very nice to Eric. In the end, Eric let Christine go with Raoul and cried for his lost love alone. 0 a7 p' M; H! ^/ t+ y' e! B1 Q+ M
Eric was a self-contradictory character. He was a combination of angel and devil. When you heard his beautiful voice, you would believe that he was an angel. When you saw how he disturbed the opera house and the way he treated others, you would believe that he was a devil. Eric felt inferior because of his ugly face. According to “Fantome de 1’ Opera,” many people insulted him including his parents. He lost his own identity due to his hatred toward the world. Therefore, he committed crimes to protect his weak personality. He withed Christine would love him despite his ugly face. However, he only frightened her. Eric’s life was a tragedy. ! F' m6 Y2 P8 y
The setting of “The Phantom of the Opera” was beautiful. I could understand the story well because the setting on the stage had perfect transitions from one scene to the next scene. In the scene of “Masquerade,” the stage looked extremely gorgeous. The lighting and the sound system were awesome. Although the performance was fully entertaining, it successfully brought the audience into the age of Romanticism. Artists, singers, dancers, young men and women dressed gorgeously with masks on their face. They drank and partied until midnight. For them, the purpose of life was seeking entertainment. , L7 U3 X, R$ x$ R: Z$ {7 N
Eric’s singing was the most moving part of the show. His singing was touching, passionate, tender, seductive, mysterious, powerful, invasive, violent, wretched, evil, pitiful, pathetic and sympathetic. He almost made me cry when he sang his lost love. His singing surrounded the theater. Sometimes I could find Eric’s voice behind or around me.
' p. E( G; t$ L4 ZIt was been two years since I enjoyed the show. The music and the setting of “The Phantom of the Opera” are still in my mind especially the singing of Eric. I hope I would like see “The Phantom of the Opera” again in Columbus this August. 9 \8 V( W E6 p# W8 D8 P
2000年的夏天我和父母曾一起参加英国深度之旅十天,行程早被旅行社安排好了,我并没多大机会自由行动,第二次观赏「歌剧魅影」就是在这样的情况发生,票都已被订好了,不去看还浪费了呢!但座位安排得有够差,坐在楼上看也就算了,还坐在二楼前第一、二排,要拼命将身体往前倾才能看得清楚舞台。当时我的英文听力比1995年时好得多,台词和歌词都听懂了不少,但从头到尾我都紧绷着神经,看得一点也不舒服,感动自然是有限的。
2 j' _" I" s, t: ~ z0 p音乐剧作曲家韦伯不愧懂得全球化营销,2005年推出「歌剧魅影」的电影版,让全世界许多听过剧中经典歌曲,却无缘没看过音乐剧版的观众们涌入电影院内一探究竟。对观赏过现场表演的观众们则是透过电影,再一次重温旧梦。但我再也找不到当初的感动了!「歌剧魅影」的确是比较适合用舞台剧的方式来呈现,但也或许是电影拍摄手法的问题,电影版完全失掉了原剧的神秘与悬疑之美。音乐剧版中,“魅影” 在舞台背景之间穿梭,大部份时间观众都只闻其声不见其人,就算坐得再前面,你也不见得看得清 “魅影”,每一幕我们都在寻找 “魅影” 究竟躲在舞台何处,很大的程度增加了 “魅影” 的神秘感和观赏的趣味性。但在电影版中,“魅影” 一点也不神出鬼没,一切都被观众看光光,那还有什么意思?
. ]. c* @( l9 l P8 ~/ C知名影评人蓝祖蔚曾在他写的电影笔记「魅影二叹」中指出电影版中两男一女之间的爱情故事发展太突然而不合理。其实在许多戏剧表演和经典文学作品中,男女主角之间的一见钟情常常发生,爱情就是那么回事,也很难说合理不合理,但男女演员的演技将决定他俩的爱情是否有足够的力量说服观众。在音乐剧、歌剧和舞台剧中,现场观众不一定能看清演员的表情和眼神,但演员的念白、唱腔与肢体语言将是重要的关键。在电影中,表情和眼神又比念白、唱腔与肢体语言更重要。电影版中演员的歌声少了原剧中气势磅礡或低回不已的韵味,相互间眼神的交流也不够,令我无法入戏与他们一起为爱跌荡起伏。
5 Q& D* ?9 w9 A' _ ^- r布景也有同样的问题。原剧中,当 “魅影” 带着Christine在地下湖中撑船通往他居住的密室时,舞台的灯光昏暗,烛光的点缀将舞台衬托得地十分梦幻,彷佛置身仙境,更显得魅影的容身之处原来别有洞天。而且因为舞台跟观众有些距离的关系,令我们无法将布景的细微处看得一清二楚,反而成功地创造了神秘与朦胧之美。但电影版中同样这一幕却光亮无比,观众可以清楚看见布景中的细节,完全没有表现出夜的静谧与魅影的神秘。再说到那个大吊灯,整个故事就是被歌剧院的大吊灯牵引出来的,也是全剧最重要的“噱头”。剧中当魅影大闹歌剧院时施法让大吊灯坠落,观众们吓得四处逃窜。身处歌剧院的我们,也亲眼目赌做为舞台道具之一的吊灯突然倾斜,作势要掉下来的样子,虽然明知道吊灯不会真的掉下来,大家还是吃了不小的惊吓!颇有身历其境的感受。电影版中的这一幕当然是演出来的,观众完全是旁观者,真实感就大大地打了折扣了。
5 q5 u; \0 p9 g; M1 h9 q( n最值得一提的是音乐,音乐是「歌剧魅影」最重要的元素,我还未听过莎拉‧布来曼的英国原版 (Original London Cast),我所收藏的CD是加拿大版的 (Original Canadian Cast),最喜爱的歌曲是 “Think of Me,” “All I Ask of You” 和“Music of Night”。我从小唱合唱团的高音部,最爱飙高音,但 “Think of Me” 后面Christine的高音部份我是怎么努力也不可能唱得上去的。韦伯利用古典歌剧、摇滚乐和流行曲风打造了这些歌曲,确实很好听,又好学易记,在全世界被传唱不歇,奠定了「歌剧魅影」的经典地位。电影版中采用新秀的演唱,不知怎么就是少了点味道。女主角甜美有余,深度不足;“魅影”的歌声也不够哀怨动人,听了不会令人想掉眼泪。
& D1 x: m, Z* U" E* m也许你会说,拿音乐剧和电影两个版本互比,一点也不公平,他们的表现方式本来就毫不相同。那也说得是!不过也说明了一个问题,那就是「歌剧魅影」的电影版还未能超越音乐剧的格局。不过我几乎也可以确信,「歌剧魅影」会不断地被继续改编重拍下去…对还未有机会看到现场音乐剧的观众们,电影版还是值得一看的。2006年「歌剧魅影」音乐剧将在台北首演,不知它曾在大陆上演过吗? & ~4 u ~( J8 h& t
除了舞台、布景、表演和音乐,到底「歌剧魅影」的故事有何吸引人之处呢?华丽的包装之下,它本质上奇情、诡谲、通俗、煽情,韦伯深信任何年代的观众都会被这样一个故事吸引,关键就在于你如何包装它。「歌剧魅影」是韦伯继「猫」之后的巨作,来自英国的他在美国百老汇靠这两部剧取得艺术和商业上的巨大成功。从1988年在伦敦英女王歌剧院的首演开始,迄今已经红了17年。「歌剧魅影」音乐剧改编于法国同名小说 “Fandome de 1’Opera,”,作者为卡斯顿‧勒胡 (Gaston Leroux, 1868-1927),出生法国,是一名记者,也是连载通俗小说家。勒胡生性喜爱冒险,记者的身份让他善于追根究底,具备抽丝剥茧的本领,也有机会四处旅行,这些他都将之发挥在写作上面。勒胡还写了不少侦探小说,其中传世最广的就是 “Fandome de 1’Opera,”,此书在勒胡风烛残年时才因为好莱坞将故事拍为默片而畅销。勒胡根据1896年法国巴黎歌剧院大吊灯无端坠落砸死人的新闻事件,运用自己的想象力写成了这部小说。全书吸引人之处不仅是 “魅影” 这个角色被塑造成功,还在于作者在故事中化为第一人称,经过一连串的追查,最后证明 “剧院之鬼” 确实存在的经过,读者在阅读的过程中能充份享受和作者一起调查事实真相的参与感,此一特点是原著小说比音乐剧更胜一筹的地方。我希望日后如果有人重拍「歌剧魅影」能采用原著这种叙事观点来拍摄,这将大大加深它的趣味性。原著的结局也比音乐剧和电影更合理些。最后“魅影” 选择与爱人、情敌一起同归于尽,很符合他一贯的所做所为。但音乐剧和电影中的 “魅影” 最后被爱人深情的一吻融化,把爱人和情敌都放走,独自为爱黯然神伤,这 “转性”就未免太大、太煽情了一点。
, k' [7 O3 `- B1 R' a9 P$ L主角 “魅影” 名叫Eric,无疑是全书中最关键的人物。他自卑,为了掩饰自己可怖的容貌,他躲在歌剧院的暗处,连在他心上人面前也不肯以真面目示人;他自大,不断地做出许多莫名其妙的事来引人注意,只为了证明自己无所不能,是位身兼作曲、歌唱、魔术和机关操作的天才;他狡诈,利用人性,把歌剧院的工作人员和观众玩弄于股掌之中;他残暴,为了控制歌剧院,不惜伤人、杀人。他痴情,爱得彻彻底底,可以为了得到女主角而不择手段。在音乐剧和电影版中,女主角Christine曾直斥其非:「你这人残缺的不是你的容貌而是你的灵魂!」这个介于天子与疯子之间的人物,令人不禁为他掩卷叹息,为他可怜可悲!
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